Index

A++ as its nucleus

Linking Logic with the

A++ interpreter

A++ | Development of Applications with | A++ Interpreter | Installation of Cygwin

Abelson, Harold

WWW Links

abstraction

Origin of A++ | ARS Generalization | ARS | Syntax of A++ including

abstraction `add'

Abstraction `add' (1)

abstraction `and'

and

abstraction `compose'

Abstraction `compose'

abstraction `mult'

Abstraction `mult'

abstraction `not'

not

abstraction `or'

or

abstraction `three'

Abstraction `three' | Abstraction `three'

abstraction `two'

Abstraction `two' | Abstraction `two'

access to names in a lambda abstraction

Closure Pattern

ACOMP

ARS++

add

Adding two numbers: add

addelt

Adding an element to

adding an element to a set

Adding an element to

addition

compose | Detailed Discussion of Addition

addition of `two' and `three'

Addition of the numbers

aldisp

Abstractions for associative lists

Alonzo Church

Origin of A++ | Explanation of `three apples' | Origin

alpha-conversion

Synthesis of the inner | Synthesis of (lambda(f) ...) | Synthesis of (lambda(f) ...) | Renaming the variables: x | Alpha Conversion | Examples:

and

and

application of associative lists

Application of associative lists

architecture

Internal Architecture of A++

arithmetic operations

Arithmetic Operations

arity of a function

Changing the arity of

ARS

Origin of A++ | A++ | ARS Generalization | ARS | Basic abstractions derived from | General Programming Patterns and

ARS and C

ARSAPI

ARS and C++

ARSAPI

ARS and Java

ARSAPI

ARS based programming

Origin

ARS plus Scheme plus Extensions

Development of Applications with

ARS++

Origin of A++ | Features of A++ | Development of Applications with | Linking Logic with the | ARS++

ARS++ compiler ACOMP

ARS++

ARSAPI

ARSAPI | ARSAPI

ARSAPI for C

ARSAPI

ARSAPI for C++

ARSAPI

ARSAPI for Java

ARSAPI

arsc.tar.gz

Linux | Installation of the ARS

arscint

Linux | Linux

arscint.exe

Installation of the ARS | Installation of the ARS

art of programming

A++

assoc

Abstractions for associative lists

associative list

Dictionary Pattern | Associative Lists in A++ | Application of associative lists

attributes of an object

Classes of objects

AVIM

ARS++

bank account

Classes of objects

base class

Base class for all

base-object-class

Classes of `animal-shelter' application | Classes of `library' application

basic abstractions

Basic Abstractions

basic abstractions derived from ARS

Basic abstractions derived from

basic training in programming

A++

basic usage of Y-combinator

Basic Usage of Y-Combinator

bdisp

Linking Logic with the | Abstraction for displaying a

beauty of ARS

Origin of A++ | ARS Generalization

Benson, Brent

Acknowledgements

beta-abstraction

$\beta$-Abstraction | $\beta$-Abstraction

beta-conversion

Rule of $\beta$-Conversion | Rule of $\beta$-Conversion

beta-reduction

$\beta$-Reduction | Reducible Expression `redex'

Boehm, Hans J.

Acknowledgements

bound and free variables

Bound and Free Variables

bound variables

Bound and Free Variables

C

A++ | Remark:

C lambda abstraction

CLAM Pattern

C++

A++ | Remark:

car

List Pattern | Selector `car'

cdr

List Pattern | Selector `cdr'

Chazarain, Jacques

Acknowledgements | WWW Links

children and programming

Logo

Church Numerals

Explanation of `three apples' | Comparing two numbers: `equaln'

Church, Alonzo

Acknowledgements | Acknowledgements | Explanation of `three apples' | Origin

CLAM

CLAM Pattern

class diagram

Class Diagram of Library

class oriented

Constructors

Classes of `Library'

Classes of `library' application

classes of objects

Classes of objects

CLOS

Meta Object Protocol Pattern

closure

Closure | Closure Pattern | Creating instances of a

Coad, Peter

Classes of objects | Inheritance

collections of data

Collections of Data

combining two sets

Combining two sets: `union'

comparing two numbers: equaln

Comparing two numbers: `equaln'

comparing two numbers: gep

Comparing two numbers: `gep'

comparing two numbers: gtp

Comparing two numbers: `gtp'

comparing two numbers: ltp

Comparing two numbers: `ltp'

comparing two objects: equalx

Comparing two numbers: `equaln'

compilation of the interpreter

Installation of the ARS

compilation of the interrpreter

Linux

compiler ACOMP

ARS++

compose

compose | Creating a new function

composing a new function

Creating a new function

computer resources

Support Functions

conflict between a free and a lambda-bound variable

Synthesis of the inner | Synthesis of (lambda(f) ...)

cons

List Pattern | Constructor `cons'

constitutive principles of A++

Constitutive Principles of A++

constructor

Creating instances of a

constructor cons

Constructor `cons'

constructor of a class

Constructors

conversion of lambda-expressions

Commenting the definition:

converting elements in a list

Converting all elements in

converting the function `map'

Converting the `map' function:

core of functional programming

Explanation of `three apples'

created on the fly

Explanation of `three apples'

curry

Changing the arity of | Converting the `map' function:

Curry, H.B.

Changing the arity of | Fixpoint of a Function

Cygwin

Installation of Cygwin

debug

Converting all elements in

decrementing a number

Decrementing a number: `pred'

defining abstractions

Detailed Discussion of Addition

definition of A++

Definition of A++ as

definition of abstraction

Origin of A++

definition of symbols

Abstractions for associative lists

delegation

Inheritance | Inheritance

detailed discussion of addition

Detailed Discussion of Addition

detailed discussion of multiplication

Detailed Discussion of Addition

development of applications

Development of Applications with

dictionary

Associative Lists in A++ | Application of associative lists

dictionary pattern

Dictionary Pattern

difference between a closure and an object

Closure Pattern

Dijksta, Edsger W.

Pascal

dispatcher of an object

Sending messages

double-quoted string

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Support Functions

DOWHILE-Construct

The abstraction `while'

dynamic object model

Meta Object Protocol Pattern

eager evaluation

Remark: | $\eta$-Reduction

eager languages

$\eta$-Abstraction

easier to verify

To open a new

educational programming language

Introduction

eliminate implicit recursion

Introduction

empty list

Constructor `cons' | Checking for an empty

encapsulation

Closure | Closure Pattern | Encapsulation | OOP-Technology in application `animal-ahelter'

environment

Closure | Closure Pattern

environment frame

Creating instances of a

equaln

Comparing two numbers: `equaln'

equalx

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Comparing two numbers: `equaln' | Abstractions for associative lists | Support Functions

essentials of programming

Scheme | A++

eta-abstraction

Eta Conversion | $\eta$-Abstraction

eta-conversion

Eta Conversion

eta-reduction

Eta Conversion | $\eta$-Reduction

evaluating lambda-expressions

Detailed Discussion of Addition

evaluation of expressions

Imperative Programming in A++

example `animal-shelter'

2nd example of object

example for alpha-conversion

Examples:

example of object-oriented programming

2nd example of object | Classes of `library' application

executing methods

Executing methods

execution of statements

Imperative Programming in A++

exploring the fundamentals of programming

To support an alternate

expression

Syntax of A++ including

expressions to be evaluated

Features of A++

expressiveness and power

Logo

extended numerical abstractions

Extended Numerical Abstractions

extended version of A++

Support Functions

extension of map

Abstractions for associative lists

extensions of A++

Linking Logic with the | Comparing two numbers: `equaln'

extent

Lexical Scope

faculty of a number

Recursion Pattern | Calculating the faculty of

false

Body of the IF-Abstraction

filter

Selecting elements from a

first class object

Closure Pattern | Explanation of `three apples'

fixpoint expansion by beta-reduction

Generation of fixpoint using

fixpoint generation using Y-combinator

Generation of fixpoint using

fixpoint of a function

Basic Usage of Y-Combinator

for-each

Iterating through all elements

free variables

Lexical Scope | Bound and Free Variables

Friedman, Daniel P.

WWW Links

fun in programming

Scheme

functional programming

ARS Generalization | Features of A++ | Converting all elements in | Imperative Programming in A++

functional programming languages

To open a new

fundamentals of programming

A++

Garbage-Collector

Installation of the ARS

gc6.0.tar.gz

Linux | Installation of the ARS

general programming patterns

General Programming Patterns and

generalization of the Lambda Calculus

Origin | ARS Generalization

gep

Comparing two numbers: `gep'

Glenn L. Vanderburg

Origin of A++

global environment

Creating instances of a

GNU

Acknowledgements

gtp

Comparing two numbers: `gtp'

Guy L. Steele Jr.

Origin of A++

hands-on experience

To support an alternate

HAS-relationship

Relation between classes | OOP-Technology in application `animal-ahelter'

hash table

Dictionary Pattern

Haskell

Remark:

head

List Pattern

Heinz, Carsten

WWW Links

higher order function

Basic abstractions derived from | Higher Order Function Pattern | compose | Higher Order Functions

idiosyncracies of a programming language

Scheme

IF-abstraction

The IF- Abstraction

imperative programming

ARS Generalization | Features of A++ | Imperative Programming in A++

imperative programming style

Iterating through all elements

imperative programs

Converting all elements in

incr

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Support Functions

indefinite extent

Lexical Scope | Components of a constructor

inheritance

Inheritance | Inheritance | OOP-Technology in application `animal-ahelter'

initializing the A++ interpreter

Initializing the A++ Interpreter

insertion sort

Insertion Sort

installation of the A++ interpreter

Linux

installation of the garbage collector

Installation of the ARS

instance of a class

Instance of a class

internal architecture

Internal Architecture of A++

interpreter

A++ | Development of Applications with

IS-relationship

Relation between classes | OOP-Technology in application `animal-ahelter'

iterating through all elements of a list

Iterating through all elements

iteration

The abstraction `while'

iterative control structure

Basic abstractions derived from

Java

Acknowledgements | A++ | Remark:

Kamin, Samuel N.

Acknowledgements | WWW Links

key

Dictionary Pattern

key/value pair

Dictionary Pattern | Sending messages | Associative Lists in A++

L^ATEX

Acknowledgements

Lambda Calculus

Origin of A++ | Purpose | The Lambda Calculus

Lambda Calculus interpreter

WWW Links

lambda-abstraction

Closure | Commenting the definition:

lambda-bound variables

Lexical Scope | Bound and Free Variables

lambda-conversion

Basic Rules for Lambda

lambda-expression

Commenting the definition:

lazy evaluation

Commenting the definition: | Remark:

ldisp

Linking Logic with the | Abstractions for associative lists | Abstraction for displaying lists

learning instrument

Introduction | Purpose

length of a list

Determining the length of

lexical scope

Lexical Scope | Lexical Scope | Closure Pattern | Components of a constructor

library

Classes of `library' application

library management example

Class Diagram of Library

limited extent

Lexical Scope

linked list of pairs

List Pattern

Linux

Acknowledgements | Linux

Lisp

Remark:

list of pairs

Dictionary Pattern

list pattern

List Pattern

listings

WWW Links

lists

Basic abstractions derived from

lists of lists

List Pattern

load

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Support Functions

locate

Searching for an element | Checking for a member

locatex

Searching for an element

logic programming

Features of A++

logical abstractions

Basic abstractions derived from

Logo

Logo

loop

The abstraction `while'

ltp

Comparing two numbers: `ltp'

major programming paradigms

Converting all elements in

map

Converting all elements in

map2

Abstractions for associative lists

mapc

Converting the `map' function:

memberp

Checking for a member

message passing

Message Passing Pattern

message passing programming pattern

Object Oriented Programming in

meta object protocol

Meta Object Protocol Pattern

methods of an object

Classes of objects

minimal programming language

Purpose

Miranda

Remark:

motivations for the development of A++

Name of the language

MS-Windows

Installation of Cygwin

mult

Multiplying two numbers: mult

multiple inheritance

Relation between classes

multiplication

compose | Detailed Discussion of Addition

multiplication of `two' and `three'

Multiplication of the numbers

n-th

Retrieving the n-th element

name of the language

ARS Generalization

ndisp

Linking Logic with the | Application of numeric abstractions | Abstraction for displaying a

net-library

WWW Links

network structure

List Pattern

nil

List Pattern | Constructor `cons' | Abstraction for the end

Norvig, Peter

Acknowledgements

not

not

notation used in conversion rules

Notation used in Conversion

nucleus

Linking Logic with the

nullp

List Pattern | Checking for an empty

numbers

Numeric Abstractions

numerical abstractions

Basic abstractions derived from | Numeric Abstractions

object-oriented programming

ARS Generalization | Features of A++ | Object Oriented Programming in | 2nd example of object | Classes of `library' application

one

one

online bookstore

WWW Links

oop-technology

OOP-Technology in application `animal-ahelter'

oop-terminology

Encapsulation

operator

Syntax of A++ including

or

or

origin of A++

Origin of A++ | Origin

origin of Scheme

Origin of A++

pair

List Pattern | Constructor `cons'

pairp

List Pattern

paradigms of programming

Converting all elements in

Pascal

Pascal | Lexical Scope | Remark:

passed as argument

Closure Pattern | Explanation of `three apples'

patterns

A++ | General Programming Patterns and

Perl

Development of Applications with | Remark:

polymorphism

Polymorphism | OOP-Technology in application `animal-ahelter'

powerful programming patterns

A++

pre-compiled interpreter

Linux

pre-defined primitive abstractions

Syntax of A++ including | Pre-defined primitive abstractions in

pre-defined primitives

Examples using pre-defined primitives

predecessor of a natural number

Decrementing a number: `pred'

predefined

Syntax of A++ including

predefined operation

Syntax of A++ including

predefined primitives

Support Functions

predefined value

Syntax of A++ including

primitive abstractions

Linking Logic with the

primitive function print

Abstractions for associative lists

primitive functions

A++ | Linking Logic with the | Comparing two numbers: `equaln'

principle of abstraction

Origin of A++

print

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Abstractions for associative lists | Support Functions

program listings

WWW Links

program verification

Imperative Programming in A++

Programmierung pur

Origin of A++ | ARSAPI

programming paradigm

Converting all elements in

programming patterns

To support a method | General Programming Patterns and

programming style

see programming paradigm

programming tasks in the real world

Linking Logic with the

purpose of A++

Purpose

Python

A++

quit

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Support Functions | Program termination

R5RS-Report

Origin of A++

real world application programs

Development of Applications with

real world programming problems

ARS++

recursion

Basic abstractions derived from | Recursion Pattern | Determining the length of | Calculating the faculty of | Calculating the sum of | The abstraction `while' | Using the Y-Combinator to

redex

$\beta$-Reduction

reducible expression

$\beta$-Reduction

reference

ARS | Syntax of A++ including

referencing abstractions

Detailed Discussion of Addition

relational abstractions

Basic abstractions derived from | Relational Abstractions

relationship between classes

Classes of objects | Relation between classes

removing an element from a list

Removing an element from

renaming variable names

Renaming the variables: x

retrieving the n-th element from a list

Retrieving the n-th element

returned as value

Closure Pattern

returned by functions

Explanation of `three apples'

rigorous confrontation

A++

robust

To open a new

robust programs

Imperative Programming in A++

robustness

Converting all elements in

rule based programming

Features of A++

rule of associativity for abstraction

Rule of Associativity for

rule of associativity for application

Rule of Associativity for

rules of alpha-conversion

Rules of Alpha Conversion

rules of associativity

Rules of Associativity

S.Toeche-Mittler

WWW Links

safe programs

Imperative Programming in A++

Scheme

Origin of A++ | Origin of A++ | Origin of A++ | Acknowledgements | Scheme | A++ | Linking Logic with the | Meta Object Protocol Pattern | Remark: | ARS++

Scheme programming language

ARS Generalization

search values in an associative list using keys

Abstractions for associative lists

searching for an element in a list

Searching for an element

selecting elements from a list

Selecting elements from a

selector car

Selector `car'

self

Creating instances of a

sending messages

Sending messages

sending messages to objects

Features of A++ | First example of object

services provided by an object

Classes of objects

set operations

Basic abstractions derived from | Set Operations

set pattern

Set Pattern

side effects

Converting all elements in | Iterating through all elements | Imperative Programming in A++ | The abstraction `while'

single-quote character

Abstractions for associative lists

single-quoted string

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Support Functions

skilled programmers

To support a method

smallest language

Origin

SML

Remark:

sort

Insertion Sort

Springer, George

WWW Links

Stallman, Richard

Acknowledgements

statements to be executed

Features of A++

Steele, Guy L.

Origin of A++ | Acknowledgements | ARS Generalization

stored in memory

Closure Pattern

structure of a class

Classes of objects

Structured Programming

Pascal | The abstraction `while'

substituting `two' and `three'

Substitution of `two' and

substituting references of abstractions

Detailed Discussion of Addition

substituting the reference `three'

Substituting `three' in [7]

substituting the reference `add'

Subsitution of `add' in

substituting the reference `compose'

Substitution of `compose' in | Substitution of `compose' in

substituting the reference `mult'

Substitution of `mult' in

substituting the reference `two'

Substituting `two' in [11]

subtraction

Subtracting a number: `sub'

succ

succ

sum of elements in a list

Calculating the sum of

super class

Inheritance

support functions

Support Functions

Sussman, Gerald J.

Acknowledgements | WWW Links

symbolic programming

Logo

symbols

Abstractions for associative lists

syntax of A++

Commenting the definition: | Examples of syntax of

syntheis of `add' and `two three'

Synthesis of `add' and

synthesis

ARS | Syntax of A++ including

synthesis of (lambda(m n) ...) and `two three'

Synthesis of (lambda(m n)

synthesis of `mult' and `two three'

Synthesis of `mult' and

synthesis of abstractions

Detailed Discussion of Addition

tail

List Pattern

teaching method

Motivations for the development

teaching the principles of programming

Motivations for the development

terminating the A++ interpreter

Program termination

test of `animal-shelter'

Test of `animal-shelter'

testing the basic abstractions

Testing the basic abstractions

Testing the interpreter

Linux

three

three

Toeche-Mittler, Jens S.

Acknowledgements

top level environment

Creating instances of a

total environment

Closure Pattern

trademark of functional programming

Converting all elements in

tree

List Pattern

true

Body of the IF-Abstraction

turtle

Logo

two

two

unadulterated

Origin of A++

Undiluted Programming

Linking Logic with the

union

Combining two sets: `union'

union of two sets

Checking for a member

unique expressiveness

To open a new

using Y-combinator to implement recursion

Using the Y-Combinator to

utility abstraction

compose

value

Dictionary Pattern

Vanderburg, Glenn L.

Origin of A++

variable

Syntax of A++ including

verify programs

Converting all elements in

virtual machine AVIM

ARS++

vmfalse

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Support Functions

vmtrue

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Support Functions

vmzero

Linking Logic with the | Syntax of A++ including | Support Functions

vorkompilierter Interpreter

Installation of the ARS

while

The abstraction `while' | The abstraction `while'

wrapper around a lambda-abstraction

$\eta$-Abstraction

writing expressions to be evaluated

Features of A++

Y-combinator

Y-Combinator | Using the Y-Combinator to

Y-combinator and A++

Testing the Y-Combinator in

Y-combinator test program

Running the Y-Combinator test

zero

zero

zerop

zerop

zeropair

Abstraction `zeropair'